Durability
- Depends on the water/ cement ratio;
- Marked as M 100 ; M 150 ; M 200..M 550, etc.
Flowability
- Mainly depends on the amount of the water;
- Depends on the amount of the additive;
- Depends on the size modulus (SM) of the filler;
- Divided into the grades (S1; S2 ; S3; S4; S5);
- There are certain cone slumps related to each class (S4 = 16 – 21).
Tightness
Marked as W2 ; W4 ; W6.
Sulphate resistance
They are divided into 2 degrees:
- average sulphate resistance;
- high sulphate resistance;
The sulphate resistance degree is determined by the "sulphate ions" that present in the groundwater or in the soil itself (dry soil).
CaSO4, Na2 SO4; - SO4 – this is the part that destroys the concrete. (SO4)
Frost resistance
Marked as "F".
In order to increase the frost resistance:
- the concrete is to be very dense;
- it is to absorb a minimum water amount;
- the amount of the cement is to be large;
- the concrete is to have closed micropores (thanks to special additives).